Enhanced Herbicidal Action of Clopyralid in the Form of a Supramolecular Complex with a Gemini Surfactant

Surfactants are often added to herbicidal formulations improve the delivery of herbicide into plants. In this study a new formulation was formed based on clopyralid with 0.01% gemini surfactant hexanediyl-1,6-bis(dimethylcetylammonium bromide) (16-6-16) as an adjuvant. The increase in efficiency associated formation supramolecular surfactant–herbicide complex (SMC), which has improved wetting properties, provides high concentration leaf surface, and higher penetrating ability compared surfactant-free solutions. Comparison action clopyralid–16-6-16 SMC two commercial same performed using digital phenotyping model weed plant cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium). Based spectral indices NDVI (normalized differential vegetation index) PSRI (plant senescence reflectance key morphological indexes angle, height, area, we showed that strongly affected plants strongest most durable effect exerted by formulation.